SocialWhere group housing is appropriate, consideration should be given to behavioral and social interactions. 1998. fAsa et al. The duration that fecal progestins remained at or near baseline, that is, time between final decrease and next increase in fecal progestin levels associated with a new estrous cycle, varied depending on whether a male was present (X = 61.7 days, SD = 7 days, n = 6) or absent (X = 119 days, SD = 42 days, n = 5) or if only those levels associated with the introduction of the male were considered (X = 39.3 days, SD = 6.3 days, n = 4). 2003). The following are general guidelines for the proper care and humane treatment of animals in nonagricultural facilities, such as humane societies, municipal animal control agencies, pet stores, boarding kennels, dog training establishments, grooming facilities, dealers, and veterinary hospitals and clinics. 2001; available at http://www.bio.umontreal.ca/Casgrain/R/index.html) determined if male presence caused a directional shift in the mean time interval and number of peaks in any of the 3 female variables (Fortin and Gurevitch 2001; Legendre and Legendre 1998; Rossi 1996); that is, whether male presence caused a decrease in time, that is, months, between significant changes and an increase in frequency of significant changes in fecal estrogens, fecal progestins, or vulva index (DeMatteo 2004). After a 121-to-124 day gestation period, females give birth to offspring weighing approximately 10 grams that have their eyes open and are furred. hVo0W=N8Rm&j:CF=ZN 2YJ#DpBX|G!QAAGXC$|" .i@$#\{W/:6@_Pr7z"7Eo+G8RiYcm8wUxToB(fk+NnmG\DTxNKS]j'pI,*Ix\>CQ0aJ'*^?4>[mE$Y:YYlJmK(WIfY.bp|i2`^ L.-4Htm7N*:_)}*'iYeRx@|Kj 3+jdrR %O(ZC-xozFQ s5RJE;Nix70(r}F`O^o@n;B Feeders must allow easy access to food, and soiling by urine and feces must be prevented. The male Mounted the female on an average of 42 days (range = 289 days, n = 7 estrous cycles). The 1st of 3 estrous cycles without a confirmed Copulatory Lock (F3) occurred when the male was introduced 25 days after the initial rise in fecal progestin and also had a low number of Mounts in that estrous cycle (n = 5) compared to the overall average (X = 193, SEM = 22, range = 5459;, n = 7 estrous cycles). 1987). Although female bush dogs urine mark at a higher frequency than males (Kleiman 1972; Macdonald 1996; Porton 1983), individuals of both sexes demonstrate a higher urine-marking frequency when exposed to opposite- versus same-sex urine (Porton 1983). endstream endobj 45 0 obj <> endobj 46 0 obj <> endobj 47 0 obj <>stream The moving average (period = mean of 3 samples) for mean fecal estrogen and fecal progestin levels, and the 3-times-weekly vulva index for female 4. It is extremely rare to observe parturition in this species. We thank the Saint Louis Zoo staff, including the primate keepers, research intems, veterinarians, veterinary technicians, and A. Musson, K. Niebmegge, C. Dawson, J. Bauman, and K. Bauman for their time, effort, and interest in the project. It is during the white light phase that we do our cleaning. WebK.E. Confirmed Copulatory Locks (n = 4 estrous cycles) occurred on average twice per day for a period of receptivity that averaged 4 days. Do this with nail trims, brushing, holding out a leg for a blood draw or, taking your dogs temperature. Mounts and successful Copulatory Locks, from 2 weeks before the initial increase to 2 weeks after the final decrease in fecal progestins.
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