Several studies have demonstrated enhanced antitumor activity with targeting moieties. Cancer is one of the foremost causes of death globally. Mater. In this review, we discuss the development of smart nanomaterials for treating cancer, with emphasis on the strategies of drug targeting and triggering sustained release of drug from the nanocarriers. Cancer Facts & Figures 2021 | American Cancer Society. *P<0.05 vs TMZ-FaPEC@siRNA; #P<0.05 vs TMZ-PEC@siRNA; P<0.05 vs TMZ-FaPEC@SCR (d); visualization of tumor growth inhibition in male SpragueDawley rats implanted with C6 cells after treatment with different formulations (red arrow indicates the tumor) (e). Payload delivery capacity depends on how effectively drugs have been packaged, and how drug release mechanisms are programmed into the nanosystems. The CFPAC-1 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell viability decreased, indicating a PEGc polyamide amine-PEG dendrimers anti-cancer effect. Rotello, Surface recognition of biomacromolecules using nanoparticle receptors. Multifunctional graphene smart nanomaterials have been developed for drug delivery and cellular imaging in cancer treatment [210, 213]. Multifunctional mesoporous silica nanomaterials have been employed to provide a synergistic blend of different assemblies into nanoplatforms with enhanced antitumor activity and less cytotoxicity to normal cells. Similarly, the cellular uptake and in vivo fate of micellar nanoparticles have been explored, wherein negatively charged micellar nanoparticles were taken up by tumor cells, and the mechanism of internalization was determined to occur through multiple distinct endocytic pathways including clathrin-mediated endocytosis, caveolae-mediated endocytosis, and macropinocytosis. J. Pharm. Mater. These particles can selectively target human osteosarcoma cells and are capable of pH-responsive antitumor drug delivery. Int. Release 172(3), 782794 (2013), C. Wong et al., Multistage nanoparticle delivery system for deep penetration into tumor tissue. Drug packaging efficacy depends on encapsulation or drug conjugation efficiency. This increased circulation time can also lead to higher potency and specific antitumor activity. Recently, Wan et al. Additionally, as new multidrug resistance mechanisms are unraveled and studied, nanoparticles are being investigated more vigorously. 30(10), 25122522 (2013), J. Wu et al., Robust, responsive, and targeted PLGA anticancer nanomedicines by combination of reductively cleavable surfactant and covalent hyaluronic acid coating. 8b. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).
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