31 Ibid. Leaders determine whether state capacity is directed in an effective manner to respond to crises or instead oriented toward a more personalistic agenda. To trust someone in this way is often to rely on, count on, depend on, or even believe in them. Finally, this paper considers the broader implications of governance for resilience as a policy agenda. In addition, when countries face natural disasters, public sector corruption can exacerbate humanitarian crises. We create parks and protect public land where theyre needed most so that everyone will have access to the benefits and joys of the outdoors for generations to However, state capacity must be appropriately directed in order to effectively build resilience. These ideas were embedded in Vietnams coronavirus response, for example, where local, regional, and national authorities understood their respective responsibilities, innovated interventions, and coordinated vertically and horizontally to implement measures as conditions dictated.32 Over the first year of the pandemic, Vietnam had one of the lowest coronavirus infection rates in the world.33 By contrast, some scholars argue that in India, an overly centralized approach reportedly disempowered federal states from taking necessary interventions, increasing response times and sowing confusion about who was in charge.34, On the other hand, bureaucratic decentralization does not always increase state resilience. Ward-level plans can help identify areas that are more prone to risk, what kinds of risk, and develop strategies and emergency plans for overcoming them, in case of disasters (including epidemics and pandemics). WebTrust Risk Management Services, Inc. is a Program Administrator managing insurance programs for professional individuals, groups, and associations. Though grappling with the complexities of all different forms of resilience are beyond the scope of this paper, for policymakers, the message should be that an embrace of resilience should always grapple with vital questions: resilience for whom? Being able to keep going when things are tough is essential: it is the keystone for a happy and fulfilling life. Resilience is a reactive state of mind created by exposure to suffering. More from Susan Ward: Its not all about Covid catch-up -pupils need to feel safe and listened to. When trust goes up, speed goes up and cost goes down. Resilience Globalization has resulted in supply chains that stretch around the world, creating a complex ecosystem around every organization. How Africans Can Prepare for Internet Shutdowns, Lula Is Struggling to Address Brazils Deep Polarization, Understanding and Supporting Democratic Bright Spots, Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center, https://www.dni.gov/index.php/gt2040-home, https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/global-britain-in-a-competitive-age-the-integrated-review-of-security-defence-development-and-foreign-policy/global-britain-in-a-competitive-age-the-integrated-review-of-security-defence-development-and-foreign-policy. In contrast to the complex impacts of the factors profiled above, a small number of governance characteristics reliably promote countries resilience in multiple, often reinforcing ways. 22 Thomas Carothers and David Wong, Authoritarian Weaknesses and the Pandemic, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, August 11, 2020, https://carnegieendowment.org/2020/08/11/authoritarian-weaknesses-and-pandemic-pub-82452. Rev. 11Policy documents echo this. https://www.journalofdemocracy.org/articles/the-puzzle-of-authoritarian-legitimacy. First, CSOs can deliver services, either in cooperation with governments or filling in gaps, often reaching the most marginalized and serving as the first line of defense against shocks.
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