These thought-provoking views seem to go against other prominent views, such as the basic (or primary) fear circuits theory of the late Jaak Panksepp and other celebrated luminaries in the field (for example, Michael Davis, Robert Bolles, O. Hobart Mowrer). Qualia The emotional response to fear, on the other hand, is highly personalized. This physical response is also known as the fight or flight response, with which your body prepares itself to either enter combat or run away. This can be quite tricky. Such strategies focus on managing the physical, emotional, and behavioral effects of fear. The diagnosis of a panic attack, shared among all of these disorders, includes racing heartbeat, sweats, chest pains, breathing difficulties, feelings of loss of control and a sense of terror, fear, impending doom and deathbasically the fear reflex run amok! Fear causally interacts with many other processes, including perception, action planning, attention, memory and others. Conversely, the ventromedial hypothalamus has cell populations that participate in states of fear and respond to sounds or odors of conspecifics but not to aerial predators. Human studies need more ecologically valid stimuli and better behavioral assays, in particular ones that do not rely on verbal report and that can be argued to have some homology to the behavioral assays used in animal studies. Each response reflects both fear and other contextual information. In addition, scientists should understand that disorders which strongly implicate fear and/or anxiety, such as PTSD, are not specific fear disorders; this has implications for how these disorders are understood, treated and prevented. Anxiety, on the other hand, is more vague or anticipatory. Physical reactions to fear include sweating, increased heart rate, and high adrenaline levels that make us extremely alert.. Social phobia. But our conceptual understanding of phenomena cannot be sacrificed to these technical achievements; the two must advance hand-in-hand.
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